Factors associated with quality of life in patients with percutaneous nephrostomy in a population of the Colombian Caribbean

Factors associated with quality of life in patients with percutaneous nephrostomy in a population of the Colombian Caribbean

María C. Martínez-Otero 1 , Alfredo Mendoza-Luna 2 , Ismael Yepes-Barreto 3 , Giovanni J. Urrea-López 4

1 Servicio de Urología, Clínica IMAT, Monter. Colombiaía; 2 Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena. Colombia; 3 Pharos Grupo de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena; Centro de Investigaciones Gastropack, Cartagena. Colombia; 4 Servicio de Urología, UroHelp S.A.S., Cartagena. Colombia

*Correspondence: Giovanni J. Urrea-López. Email: giovanni_urrea_01@hotmail.com

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this manuscript is to identify factors associated with quality of life in a series of patients with unilateral or bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy, from a Caribbean clinic between November 1, 2020, and November 30, 2021, using the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D), since there are currently no local studies that show the statistics of the population or the impact of this type of procedure.

Method: We carried out an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study in 35 patients over 18 years of age who underwent percutaneous nephrostomy at Clínica Crecer in the city of Cartagena in said period and excluded pediatric patients, patients with another type of pathway derivation urinary, patients with other active infections other than urinary. The EQ-5D validated survey for quality of life was applied by telephone quickly and easily after the intervention. This scale covers topics about mobility, personal care, daily activity, anxiety, pain and a second part specifying their general state of health on a scale from 0 (worst state of health imaginable) to 100 (best state of health imaginable). The severity levels are coded with a 1 if the response option is “don’t have problems”, with a 2 if the response option is “some or moderate problems”, and with a 3 if the response option is “many problems”. Univariate analysis of sociodemographic identifications and percentage frequencies was performed; ANOVA test, Student t test for the comparison of means and Chi square for categorical variables. In addition, a multivariate analysis was performed, identifying the variables that most affect quality of life.

Results: A total of 35 patients met the inclusion criteria of our study. We had widely dispersed ages due to the different diagnoses found, with a minimum age of 19 years and a maximum of 81 years, with a mean of 49 years. Mostly female gender (57.1%), mainly stage 1 (48.6% n = 7), low level of education up to Primary (60%, n = 21), diagnosis of lithiasis (40%, n = 13 patients). It was found significant association of quality of life with respect to stratum in the univariate analysis. Regarding the questionnaire, most of the patients had problems “bathing or dressing myself” (42.9%, n = 15), they had no problems walking with the nephrostomy (71.4%, n = 25), they did not have problems with personal care (57.1%, n = 20), had no problems doing daily activities (65.7%, n = 23), had no pain or discomfort (60%, n = 21), and were not anxious or depressed (62.9%, n = 22). Finding significant differences in the quality of life with respect to the stratum, not having mobility problems, personal care, daily activities, little pain and anxiety. In the multivariate analysis, we only found an association of quality of life with significant differences regarding personal care.

Conclusion: The independent factors of the quality of life with a nephrostomy is mainly self-care.

Keywords: Nephrostomy; Quality of life; Obstruction; Urology; Colombia

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